Treatment adherence refers to the extent to which patients follow medical recommendations and adhere to prescribed treatment plans. This includes taking medications as prescribed, attending scheduled appointments, following dietary recommendations, and making lifestyle changes as recommended by healthcare providers. Adherence plays a critical role in the effectiveness of treatment outcomes and patient health outcomes. Research in this area aims to understand factors influencing treatment adherence, develop interventions to improve adherence rates, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. This research area is interdisciplinary, involving fields such as psychology, sociology, public health, medicine, and health economics.